Tresemme Marketing Strategy free essay sample

At the very first time TRESemme was only intended to be distributed within salon for professional hairstylist. But, with the increasing demand from salon and expanded market scope, TRESemme realized their potential market and re-launch as the home haircare product that provided professional salon quality without the salon price. Unlike other affordable haircare product that sells their product in a mainstream way, like having brand ambassador and so forth, TRESemme choose to build partnership with prestigious event and competition to gain the brand awareness from all form of society. TRESemme believe that through making partnership with prestigious events and competition like Asia’s Next Top Model and Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week, customer will believe their quality without worrying the high price. After taken over by Unilever in 2011, TRESemme even gain more success. Their market scope is expanded to Asia and some other countries. They are now competing with various international products, like Pantene, Garnier and so forth. We will write a custom essay sample on Tresemme Marketing Strategy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In 2011, they are having the biggest market share for the shampoo. Realizing that they still have many weaknesses regarding the product range and somehow intimidating bottle size, TRESemme is still having their own spotlight. II. COMPANY BACKGROUND amp; OBJECTIVES TRESemme’s Profile This brand starts of on St. Louis, Missouri on 1974 to be distributed within salon. As time goes by, the product became more popular and realizing the truth that every woman deserves a beautiful hair with affordable price, TRESemme launched their product for public with affordable price. They commit to have a salon quality product that tested by professional stylist but still affordable for everyone. The name â€Å"TRESemme† itself is a wordplay that referred to Edna L. Emme as the spokeperson in haircare industry. Some people also said that â€Å"TRESemme† is a wordplay from â€Å"tres aime† which means â€Å"very liked† in French. In 2011, TRESemme is taken over by Unilever for $3. 7 Billion. After it has taken over, TRESemme expand their range of market to Asia and some other country surrounding. They believe that TRESemme can gain success. Unilever see potentiality in their product and could inline with Unilever’s mission to provide customer’s goods with affordable price. Though TRESemme build partnership with prestigious events and competition, they do not give their customer a high price. The partnership built to prove how qualified they are as a haircare product and to prove that customer can get salon quality hair without going there. The partnership has proven to increase their sales and brand awareness. People like TRESemme and they keep buying it due to its affordable price. TRESemme Mission Statement As a product with a professional stylist’s standard, TRESemme’s mission is to provide the best haircare product that can be afforded by anyone. They believe that everyone deserve the best product that fit their economical ability. Upholding their mission, there are 3 (three) missions that brought by TRESemme, Professional, Affordable, Salon Standard. In the first time of their launching, TRESemme’s tagline is â€Å"Used by Professional†. The tagline is intended to convince customer that TRESemme is not just an ordinary haircare product, but a professional product that can be used at home. It has proven that over 60 years of TRESemme’s existence, there are many professional hairstylist has used it in their salon and satisfied their customer Within their mission, TRESemme also included â€Å"affordable† as one of them. As they believe that every women deserve to have a salon inspired hairstyle, TRESemme also consider the economic ability of each countries and set the most suitable price that can be afforded by everyone and still competitive to compete with their competitor. With such quality and price, TRESemme can gain lots of customer and take over the market really soon. The last mission stated by TRESemme is salon standard. As we know that in 1974 TRESemme start their business as a haircare product for salon. The standard that they uphold of course not a usual standard to make people’s hair look more gorgeous, but to make people’s hair more beautiful and look expensive. Until now that they become a customer goods product, TRESemme still uphold the standard to make their product prestigious for everyone. From customer’s point of view, TRESemme is a success. They fulfilled their mission to provide a qualified haircare product that affordable for everyone. Some hair problem like frizz, hairfall and dandruff can also be treated well by the product. With their salon standard, TRESemme has successed to fulfilled customer’s expectation and gain a big success. III. MARKETING STRATEGY Market Environment According to the Foundation of Marketing book from Pearson, Marketing Environment is the actors and forces outside marketing that affect marketing management’s ability to build and maintain successful relationship with target customers. In the marketing environment we should analyze and consider the Strenghts, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT). Four key components considered in improving the marketing strategy for TRESemme include: PRODUCT TRESemme create a new product which is distinct line of mens haircare, this company also design medium-sized shampoo amp; conditioner bottles to meet the product mix of the competitors, they provide money-back guarantee if the consumer is not satisfied with the product including the Salon Standard tag line in addition to professional. Affordable Salon standard will replace the existing used by professionals and the last that TRESemme used is they allow for products to be purchased on the official TRESemme website salon standard PRICE For the price they maintain competitive prices for consumers (in Indonesia it’s only 16k for 220ml). This is in keeping with the affordable aspect of our brand. Another strategy is TRESemme promote online or instore discounts for consumers who view particular advertisements, and they also provide clearly list prices of products their website PLACE Maintain the availability of the product in salons, pharmacies, department stores amp; supermarkets around the world. TRESemme also provide consumers with a convenient online method of purchasing products to make the customer of TRESemme feel practise, simple, and easy to buy. PROMOTION To promote, the strategy that TRESemme use id first create television commercials that are made in Australia Engage in more frequent celebrity endorsement establish a name for the brand Build relationships with salons in Australia to promote the hair products Include a complementary pump for consumers who buy the large shampoo and conditioner bottles. In Asia they make the promotion by sponsoring the prestige event like Asia Top Model. SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths 1. Professional Products at an affordable price, TREsemme offers high quality but lower in price 2. Used commonly by hair case professional 3. Products are available in large bottle providing value for money 4. Convenient to purchase 5. Large captive target audienceThreaths 1. Other competitors in the market creating more awareness through their advertising 2. Competitors with a greater product mix 3. Constant threat of new competitors 4. Advancement of scientific technology allowing competitors to promote their products as more efffective, or even environmentally friendly| Weaknesses 1. Limited range of products available for men 2. Size of bottles are commented to be intimidatingly large for individual use 3. Breadth and length of TRESemmes product line is not as expansive as other competitors in the market 4. Minimal advertisements online, in magazines, on television and other promotional outlets advertising the brandOpportunities 1. Opportunity to expand the product line and create a men range 2. Sell mid-range sized shampoo and conditioner bottles rather than only 1L and travel sizes 3. Create more awareness of the brand through more advertisements 4. Promote TRESemme through celebrity endorsements| Analyzing Competitors of TRESemme Tresemme is used around the world since 1947, but have recently been present in Indonesia in 2012. For two years establish, the growth of TRESemme has significant increase. It became evident through online research that TRESemme only ever releases television commercials from America. The celebrities and countless other women featured in the commercials are all American. Strategy of TREsemme suggested by Alberto Culver International would be to create television commercials in Indonesia. In anaylsing the Indonesian consumer market, it is evident that the brands who are competing with TRESemme are based in Australia. Subsequently, it would be effective to promote the brand alongside a relatable celebrity. Comparison| TRESemme| L’oreal| Dove| Pantene| Product| Shampoos amp; Conditioners (Gentle, Cleansing, Moisturizing, Naturals, Smoothing, Strength, Volumizing, Waterless, Curls, Color Protection, Deep Cleansing)Hairstyles (Cream amp; Milk, Curls, Hairspray, mousse)| Consumer (skin care, make-up, hair color, hair care), Professional, Luxury Product| Hair care (Shampoo, Conditionare, Treatment Conditionare, Styling Aids)Bar/Body washDeodorantLotion| ShampooConditionareDaily Rinse-off TreatmentLeave-on Treatment| Benefits| Give any tips how to make a beauty hair look like, problem solution of hair, new updated trend hair model, styling tips, forecast beautiful hair in any weather, help women step out with style (community of TREsemme)| make a trend about color id as a their main key, create media center of hair, innovating to reduce the environmental footprint, offer career, have many foundation (the community of L’oreal can join)| Provide article and advice, dove science, social mission, dove offers become a dove insider for their consumer| Providing personal consultaton, Give any tips how to make a beauty hair look and updated trend, offer satisfaction guarantee, have a social events for their consumer and around itself| Price| Start from Rp. 16. 000 for 220ml | Rp 30 000 for 220ml | Rp 24. 000 for 220ml| Rp. 24. 000 for 220ml| IV. CUSTOMER ANALYSIS Unilever customer spending chart Amsterdam Unilever, the worlds second-largest consumer goods company, posted third quarter results that beat analysts estimates, due to higher prices and higher sales in emerging markets, mainly in Brazil, the company reported on Thursday. Unilever, with its strong position in home and personal care, reported that its sales rose 10. 3% to â‚ ¬13. 4 billion in the quarter ended September, compared with the same period last year. As much as 4. 1% of it was created on foreign exchange transactions. The British-Dutch company also reported that its underlying sales grew 5. 9% in the third quarter, while it was up 12. % in emerging markets when compared with the same period a year ago. Revenue in emerging markets delivered another quarter of double-digit growth, taking year-to-date growth to 11. 7%, while developed markets declined in the quarter but are still up 0. 8% year-to-date. Regarding hair cosmetics, TREsemme did well in its traditional markets, made strong headway in Brazil, and has been launched in Indonesia and India. The company also reported that strong growth in laundry reflected volume growth ahead of its markets due to sustained innovation delivery and effective brand communication. Shares of Unilever rose 2. 91% to ? 23. 31 as of 8:41am GMT in London trading. Unilever gain in London is due to purchasing power the high, especially in the home and personal care products. This is due unilever always improve the quality of the product and sell them with a fairly competitive with the famous product. Such as Tresemme, this is hair care product is designed professional, but unilever could sell at affordable prices, so many people are interested in the lower middle class to upper middle class and the purchasing power of these product can be said to soar Indonesian market, because the average Indonesian people already believe that unilever has never issued low-quality product. The Tresemme product can thrive in the Indonesian market. TRESemmes marketing strategy is a success. These days, following the trend many urban female likes to experiencing with their hair styles and the desire of having a salon quality hair treatment product to be use at home every day is increasing. TRESemme is dedicated to creating salon-inspired, and allows the customers to create their own style and experience that salon feeling every day. One of the reasons TRESemmes marketing strategy is working is because of the customers value and money value from their product. They offer a complete line of salon products quality for the customer with an affordable price. Its priced between the entry level bargain brands, such as Unilevers Suave or Albertos own declining VO5, and premium brands Pantene and Fructis. The products that they offer such as shampoo, conditioners, hairspray gels, dry shampoos, mousses, and many more for every type of hair and style such as hair repair for damaged hair, shampoo for colored hair, climate control, etc. Not only providing products for hair treatment, they also have their expertise available online for customers that need help with hair style, and they are also giving tips and advice for instance star hairdressing tips, advice from their stylists, and recommendations. The brand awareness of their product is pretty success. In every advertisement and even in the products they use the line of used by professionals as their tagline or slogan. The professional hair stylish used TRESemmes products in famous fashion shows, photo shoots, and other entertainments shows or events such as Australia’s Next Top Model, Project Runway, and Mercedes Fashion Week in New York that pretty much is the center of fashion world and these deal has big role on the success of TRESemme. In Asia, recently TRESemme were choosen as the product to produce good quality hair for the contestants of fashion reality show, that is Asia’s Next Top Model 2012. Through these kind of shows and professionals using their products the people awareness of the brand is highly increase especially those of them who follow or always watching these kind of fashion reality shows. In Indonesia alone TRESemme just recently got in the country brought by Unilever and they got good responds and feedback from the people. In less than a year they swept other competitors such as Dove. Their products is available in more than 20 countries such as America, Brazil, Spain, Thailand, and Australia, and all give positive enthusiasm. TRESemme blew away the competition in organic sales growth last quarter at 12. 7%, backed by a 20% increase in ad spending. The brand received $56 million in measured media support lin 2010 and $32 million through May of 2011, according to Kantar Media. Mass hair care Brand| Sales| Pantene| $436 million| Garnier Fructis| $221 million| TRESemme| $211 million| Source: SymphonyIRI| TRESemme remained around $10 million behind Garnier in the 52 weeks ended July 11 and had less than half the sales of Pantene. But its been growing faster than either. TRESemme is already the clear leader in hair spray and styling products and was the only of the leading brands to gain share in all four major segments of mass hair care, also including shampoo and conditioner, in the past year in SymphonyIRI data. Market share movement (in percentage points)* 52 weeks ended July Hair spray| Styling| Shampoo| Conditioner| Pantene| -1. 0| -0. 7| +0. 2| +0. 1| Garnier Fructis| +1. 0| -0. 4| -0. 6| -0. 3| TRESemme| +1. 5| +0. 4| +0. 7| +0. 4| Four weeks ended July 11 | Hair spray| Styling| Shampoo| Conditioner| Pantene| -0. 2| +0. 7| +0. 1| +1. 6| Garnier Fructis| +1. 3| +0. 3| -0. 3| -0. 1| TRESemme| +0. 2| Flat| +1. 1| +0. 6| *For daily hair-care categories Shampoo category excludes dandruff shampoo Source: SymphonyIRI| Another story behind the success of TRESemme is because of strategic partnership. TRESemme formed a partnership with ELLE, the number one global fashion magazine. Through the partnership, ELLE and TRESemme, along with CAA Marketing, a division of the leading entertainment and sports agency, will launch Dirty Little Secret a print and digital graphic novel series, which follows the lives of savvy, stylish and single women living in NYC. Through this series people awareness of the brand, again, highly increased. Moreover, the story of the drama is about fashion world, follows new girl in town an aspiring hairstylist and her encounters with some of the most stylish and chic women in the fashion and beauty worlds. The compelling drama also features real life TRESemmes celebrity stylist, Jeanie Syfu. TRESemmes marketing strategy is a success. However, they have weaknesses. They do not have wide range of product line, that is not as expansive in the market as other competitors. The products that are available for men use is also limited. Many people are pleased with the giant size of TRESemme products bottle, but if it is for an individual use purpose the bottle can be intimidating. V. CONCLUSION In summary, Alberto Culver International Corporated has been highly successful in promoting the brand TRESemme. Subsequently its product line has maintained a strong position within the Australian and Indonesia consumer market. Implementation of minor marketing strategical changes suggested from our research will only further provide a successful outlook for professional affordable salon standard. Refrences List http://www. tresemme. com/ http://www. unilever. com/brands-in-action/detail/TRESemm-/292124/ http://www. telegraph. co. uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/8028641/Unilever-buys-TRESemme-maker-Alberto-Culver-for-3. 7bn. html http://adage. com/article/news/marketing-tiny-tresemme-rising-top-hair-care-heap/145573/pn. newsblaze. com/story/2010052515400200001. pnw/topstory. html http://www. prnewswire. com/news-releases/tresemme-and-elle-form-strategic-partnership-for-the-innovative-new-series-dirty-little-secret-95315739. html http://www. loreal. com/_en/_ww/index. aspx?

computer teacher essays

computer teacher essays Computers have come to enhance many avenues of our lives. The way we work and the way we play was forever altered by the vast advances in technology. Due to these strides we can see the benefits and the disadvantages associated with computers. For this assignment I decided to take a personal perspective. Within my work atmosphere computers have become the norm. Im not old enough to remember pre-calculator days. But the calculators are better now, with memory features. I remember being in high school and using my first computerized typewriter. You could type an entire document then make corrections by having the typewriter go to the line you indicated. That was my first experience with a word processor and I was able to use it because I was a teachers assistant in the business department. It belonged to the department secretary. The students still had the manual typewriters. I work as a bookkeeper and have done so for over 20 years. My work has changed significantly. When I began as a bookkeeper I used manual spreadsheets called Safeguard. All of the journal entries were done manually to the individual accounts and then transferred to the general journal. It was time consuming but the balances could be verified by doing these double entries. Many things have changed in my field. Now I use Quick Books software for almost all of my clients. The double entries are programmed into the computer. General Journals are easy to check. Payroll no longer requires looking at tables to find the deductions. The computer calculates all of the deductions. I find that technology has been extremely beneficial to my work. I can be far more productive by being faster and more accurate. The adage regarding computers garbage in, garbage out still holds true. The validity of the data is only as good as the knowledge of the person who inputs the information. But because of drop down menus, and help buttons it is ...

Human Geography - an Overview (Cultural Geography)

Human Geography - an Overview (Cultural Geography) Human geography is one of the two major branches of geography (versus physical geography) and is often called cultural geography. Human geography is the study of the many cultural aspects found throughout the world and how they relate to the spaces and places where they originate and then travel as people continually move across various areas. Some of the main cultural phenomena studied in human geography include language, religion, different economic and governmental structures, art, music, and other cultural aspects that explain how and/or why people function as they do in the areas in which they live. Globalization is also becoming increasingly important to the field of human geography as it is allowing these specific aspects of culture to easily travel across the globe. Cultural landscapes are also important because they link culture to the physical environments in which people live. This is vital because it can either limit or nurture the development of various aspects of culture. For instance, people living in a rural area are often more culturally tied to the natural environment around them than those living in a large metropolitan area. This is generally the focus of the Man-Land Tradition in the Four Traditions of geography and studies human impact on nature, the impact of nature on humans, and peoples perception of the environment. History of Human Geography Human geography developed out of the University of California, Berkeley and was led by Carl Sauer. He used landscapes as the defining unit of geographic study and said that cultures develop because of the landscape but also help to develop the landscape as well. In addition, his work and the cultural geography of today is highly qualitative rather than quantitative - a main tenant of physical geography. Human Geography Today Today, human geography is still practiced and more specialized fields within it such as feminist geography, childrens geography, tourism studies, urban geography, the geography of sexuality and space, and political geography have developed to further aid in the study of cultural practices and human activities as they relate spatially to the world.

Peotry Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Peotry Review - Essay Example The poet recalls the time the runner won a race, gaining him the public’s admiration, "Man and boy stood cheering by; And home we brought you shoulder-high". The poet relates this happy time to the present, where "Shoulder-high we bring you home; And set you at your threshold down". With this couplet â€Å"he compares the race to the funeral procession. The honor of being held high was endowed the first time for victory, and the last time for homage. The "threshold" represents the grave of the athlete, his doorway into the life after death. The reader is forced to consider the inevitability of death. He asks himself that whether the athlete is to be envied for dying so soon after his achievements, rather than being pitied for his premature death. Housman portrays the premature death of the runner as something desirable. â€Å"Smart lad, to slip betimes away† The poets tone is satirical as he congratulates the runner on his death. Later on the mood becomes forlorn with â€Å"Eyes the shady night has shut†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  In essence the poem can be seen as either providing solace to those left behind by the runner’s death, by dwelling on the fact that in death the runner has achieved a different kind of immortality. An immortality in which his glory is preserved and not overtaken by better achievements of athletes later on. Or it can be seen as a lament by the friends and co-achievers of the runner who were left behind to age and see their glories fade and their â€Å"laurels† wither. Housman has used simple two syllable words which convey complex meanings. His lyrics express a Romantic pessimism in a spare, simple style. The form of the poem is a couplet, for two lines work as a unit. An example would be: "The time you won the town the race/ We chaired you through the marketplace/ Man and boy stood cheering by/And home we brought you shoulder-high." Metaphors are in abundance such as "roses,""garland,"and "laurel†, representing the short

How Is the Marketing Concept and Its Implementation Responding To Essay - 2

How Is the Marketing Concept and Its Implementation Responding To Developments in the Macroenvironment - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that the conception of marketing is fundamentally explained as an activity for the purpose of generating, communicating, delivering and interchanging certain offerings that possess greater value for the customers, partners, and community among others. The aspect of marketing is generally utilized in order to recognize a particular customer, fulfill the various desires of the customer through offering better quality products along with attaining the expected business objectives. In this connection, the marketing concept depicts that if a business organization desires to fulfill its organizational goals, it is very much essential for the business organization initially to foresee the various sorts of logical requirements and wishes of the customers. The marketing conception can be more elaborately discussed by greatly emphasizing upon two particular imperative facets. The two facets include business-to-consumer (B2C) and business-to-business (B2B) segments. In terms of the marketing idea regarding business-to-consumer (B2C), the marketing concept is defined as a method through which the business organizations generate greater value towards the customers and tend to establish a smooth relationship with the customers by a large extent. From the perspective of the marketing conception regarding the business-to-consumer (B2C), the marketing idea is described as a procedure through which the business organizations generate superior value along with solutions and also tend to form the effective relationship with other business organizations or brands that are acting as competitors. The business organizations pay utmost importance towards the marketing concept for the purpose of increasing their productivity as well as profitability along with raising higher value towards the shareholders. The aspect of marketing environment is fundamentally viewed as a crucial constituent of a business environment that generally influences th e capabilities of a particular company for the purpose of promoting as well as performing proficient business operations in the financial market.

Sodium Hydroxide Essay Example for Free

Sodium Hydroxide Essay Research Question: When constant successive portions of Sodium Hydroxide are added to Acetic Acid; how do the changing amounts of Sodium hydroxide mixed with Acetic Acid in the conical flask affect the pKa of Acetic Acid? Background Research: A weak acid is defined as being an acid that does not donate all of its hydrogen ions in a solution (Neuss, 2007) A weak acid represented by HA will always be in equilibrium with its ions in an aqueous solution, for example: HA (aq) H+(aq) + A-(aq) The equilibrium constant will thus be given as products over reactants by: Ka is most commonly known as the acid dissociation constant. The pKa is just the pH of the Ka i.e. pKa = -logKa and is used as a quantitative measure the strength of a weak acid in solution. Acetic acid (CH3COOH) is a weak acid and Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH), on the other hand, is a strong base and reacts with Acetic acid (CH3COOH) to produce water (H2O) and a salt (NaCH3OO) as follows: CH3COOH + NaOH H2O + NaCH3OO A method called a Titration provides information about the behavior of acids through the pH scale. In a titration, base is gradually added until the acid reaches an endpoint or equivalence point. When the equivalence point is reached, the pH of the solution will change rapidly, because all the acid has reacted with the added base. A pH meter can be used to determine the pH of the acid throughout the titration, and can be used to determine the equivalence point. When carefully measured volumes of strong base are added to a solution of weak acid and the pH is noted, a graph can be drawn with pH on the y axis and the volume on the x axis. The graph is known as the Titration/pH curve and the theoretical pH curve of the neutralization reaction between Acetic acid and Sodium Hydroxide is provided below: Figure 1: Theoretical Titration curve of Acetic acid and Sodium Hydroxide. This picture was obtained through www.google.com/images/titrationcurve The flat portion of the titration curve before the end point (refer to figure 1) is called the buffer region. In this part of the pH scale, that the Acetic acid and Sodium hydroxide are both preset in significant concentrations and the solution resists changes in pH. In the middle of the buffer region lies the half equivalence point. Here the volume of base added is half that required to reach the equivalence point. We can determine the pKa or Ka of an acid by finding the pH when half way to the endpoint of the titration since pKa = -log Ka (refer to figure 1). A smaller Ka value suggests a larger pKa value. The larger the pKa value the weaker the acid. Base solution is added until the equivalence point is reached. Thus, to determine the pKa of Acetic acid, the amounts of base mixed with acid will vary, the pH will be measured at regular intervals which will ultimately allow the pKa to be determined. Hypothesis: In this experiment, the amount of Sodium Hydroxide released from the burette will never change. What changes, however, is how much base is in the conical flask. To begin with there will be no base but when 1cm3 of Sodium Hydroxide is added then there is 1mL of Sodium Hydroxide in the conical flask. Then when another 1 cm3 of Sodium Hydroxide is added there will be 2mL of Sodium Hydroxide in the conical flask. So what is changed is the amount of base in the conical flask and it is this amount of base that changes the pKa. Thus, I hypothesize that as the amount of Sodium Hydroxide increases, pH will gradually increase until it reaches the end point where there will be a sudden increase. Afterwards, the amount of base will overtake the Acetic acid and this would result in a plateau in the pH curve. Aspect 2 Defining Independent and Dependent Variables Table 1: Dependent and Independent Variables Independent The amount of base (Sodium hydroxide) mixed with acid. In other words, the volume of NaOH dropped into the acid is controlled but what is changed is the amount of base in the conical flask. (1 cm3 will always be followed with 1 cm3, there will be no change in how much you put in each time; what changes is how much acid there is in the beaker) Dependent The pH of the solution Controlling Variables Table 2: Variables and Methods of Control Type Variable Method of Control Controlled The volume of the Acetic acid will be controlled 20 cm3 of the Acetic acid will be measured out using a Mohr pipette and then carefully released into the conical flask The pressure under which the experiment is carried out. All experiments will be conducted standard laboratory conditions, which means at 1atm pressure The Temperature under which each experiment is conducted. All experiments will be conducted in the same room within quick succession. The amount of base added to conical flask each time Successive portions of 1 cm3 of NaOH will be added to the conical flask until it reaches the endpoint Human judgment errors The person conducting the experiment must read from the burette in which holds the NaOH. By using the same person for each experiment- the error of judgment will be kept constant. Aspect 3 Materials and Equipment List (enough for 1 titration including the rough titration) 1 x 50 +/- 0.05 cm3 Burette 1 x Burette Stand and clamp 1 x funnel 1 x 100 +/-0.050 cm3 Conical flask GLX pH probe 1L Distilled Water 1 x 20 +/- 0.020 cm3 Mohr Pipette 50 cm3 of Acetic Acid concentration of approximately 0.1mol dm -3 100 cm3 Sodium Hydroxide solution 0. 1mol dm -3 Safety Glasses White Paper Graph Paper Pen Pencil, for drawing the Graph Rubber Gloves (in case of glass breakage) 1 x White tile 1 x Standard Bulb 50 cm3 bottle of Phenolphthalein indicator (only 4 drops are required) Paper towels (for cleaning) Figure 2: Conical Flask Figure 3: Burette Figure 4: Mohr Pipette These pictures were all obtained from www.google.com/images General Method 1. Before commencing this experiment it was made sure that all involved in the experiment were wearing the safety goggles and a lab coat to avoid risk of injury (refer to table 3) 2. The Titration was set up as follows, with the clamp holding the burette and the funnel at the top of the burette. The conical flask should be placed on a white tile underneath the burette. The burette should be clamped so that its tip is within the conical flask but above the surface of the solution. Figure 5: Titration set-up 3. The burette was then rinsed with distilled water to ensure that it is clean and to avoid errors 4. Usually experimenters cannot reach the top of the burette when its placed on a lab bench, so as a result, the burette and the burette stand were placed on the ground and Sodium Hydroxide was carefully poured to the first digit on the top of the burette (usually 0) via the funnel. The initial reading of the burette was then recorded in the results table, refer to table 3. Afterwards, the burette was returned to its original position on the top of the bench 5. The Mohr pipette was then checked for chips and cracks and was rinsed several times to ensure accurate volume measurements 6. Afterwards, the Mohr pipette was used to collect 20 cm3 of acid (Please refer to the Using Mohr pipette method) and the acid was then poured into the conical flask 7. Immediately following, the GLX pH probe, refer to GLX probe method, was adjusted and the head was placed in the acid, the pH of the initial acid was recorded in the results table, refer to table 3 8. 2 drops of Phenolphthalein was then added to the acid. The Phenolphthalein is an indicator which means it turns pink when base is added, an indication of endpoint would be that the liquid in the conical flask turns pink 9. To begin with, a rough Titration was be done to estimate the endpoint 10. In a rough Titration the tap was opened, and the base was simultaneously released into the conical flask until the liquid turned pink in which the tap was closed. When the liquid turned pink the final pH was recorded in the results table. Also record the final reading of the burette. The Rough Titration is only an indication and so should not be used in data analysis. 11. After the Rough Titration, the solution in the conical flask was discarded in the sink. Since the products were neutralized solutions of common salts they can safely be disposed of down the sink. 12. The conical flask was then washed with distilled water and 20 cm3 of Acetic acid was then poured into it via the Mohr pipette. And immediately following this, the GLX pH probe was placed inside the acid. Sodium Hydroxide was also then poured into the burette, using the method discussed in point 4, to top it up 13. The titration was then initiated, and successive portions of 1 cm3 of Sodium Hydroxide were added to the conical flask. After each addition, the burette and pH readings were obtained and recorded. If the person doing the experiment is right handed, then their right hand should be used to open and close the tap to allow Sodium Hydroxide to drip out and their left hand should be used to swirl the solutions in the conical flask. Swirling is important as the pH may drift until a completely homogenous solution is achieved. The same principle applies to left handers, except they would of course use their left hand instead of their right hand to release the NaOH. 14. The Titration was continued until the pH reached 12, the final burette reading was also recorded 15. This titration process (steps 11-14) was repeated another two times, allowing more reliable results. 16. After the Titration the benches were wiped down using paper towels, the solution was discarded in the sink and the glassware was placed in the designated container. Hands were washed before leaving the laboratory. 17. By the results gathered, a Titration curve can be drawn. The pH would simple be on the y axis while the volume of the base would be on the x axis. The pKa can be determined by finding the pH halfway to the endpoint of the Titration curve. GLX pH probe method: 1. The probe was first turned on and then pH probe section was plugged in at the top. 2. The pH probe section was then placed into the Acetic acid 3. Automatically, a pH reading appeared on the screen 4. When enough data was collected the recorded was stopped and the probe was unplugged 5. The GLX pH probe was then plugged into a laptop to export the data to the computers hard drive Using Mohr Pipette method: 1. The standard bulb was attached to the end of the pipette by carefully fitting the bulb at the end of the pipette 2. The pipette tip was then placed below the surface of the liquid and the bulb was squeezed to draw the liquid up. 3. The volume of the Acetic acid in the pipette was determined by reading the meniscus of the pipette 4. The pipette was then held above the conical flask, and the bulb was released to release all the liquid into the conical flask Table 3: The results table pH recorded Rough Titration Volume of Sodium Hydroxide added Amount of base in the conical flask (burette reading) 1st Trail 2nd Trail 3rd Trial Initial burette reading (cm3) 1 cm3 1 cm3 Final burette reading (cm3) 1cm3 2 cm3 Volume of Titration (cm3) 1cm3 3 cm3 1 cm3 4 cm3 1cm3 5 cm3 Note: The purple shaded region is the rough Titration. The volume of Sodium Hydroxide added each time will always be 1 cm3 but the Amount of base in the conical flask will change. Also, the patterns in this table should be continued until the Amount of base in the conical flask is at least 30 cm3. The pH will be recorded via the GLX data probe. Safety Precautions Table 4 : The risks involved in the experiment and safety precautions to reduce the risks Name Risk Precautions Sodium Hydroxide Can cause serious burns, however the 0.1 concentration of Sodium Hydroxide cannot cause harmful burns unless excessive amounts of it are poured on the skin. Harmful by ingestion and skin contact. Safety Glasses are needed to reduce the risk of injury if a spill occurs. Avoid skin contact with Sodium Hydroxide as well as ingestion. Acetic acid Causes burns, however the 0.1 concentration of Acetic acid cannot cause harmful burns unless excessive amounts of it are poured on the skin. Harmful by ingestion and skin contact. Safety Glasses should be worn the entire time to reduce the risk of injury. Gloves and Lab coat should be worn to avoid skin irritation. Avoid skin contact with Acetic acid. Glass wear Breakages can cause cuts and serious chemical spills Wearing rubber gloves make sure that all broken glass is disposed of appropriately. The burette should also be handled very carefully as it is very fragile. Spillage of Sodium Hydroxide or Acetic acid Can cause serious burns Wash any spills copiously with water BIBLIOGRAPHY * Volumetric analysis. 4 Feb 2009 http://www.uwplatt.edu/chemep/chem/chemscape/LABDOCS/CATOFP/measurea/volume/pipet/pipet4.htm. * Acid-base titrations. Wikipedia. 4 Feb 2009 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid-base_titration. * pKa and LogP Measurements. 4 Feb 2009 http://www.raell.demon.co.uk/chem/logp/logppka.htm. * pKa of a weak acid. 4 Feb 2009 http://209.85.173.132/search?q=cache:E6yRz3RiHlwJ:www.profpaz.com/Files/chem102/Exp_10.pdf+%22volume+at+equivalence+point%22hl=enct=clnkcd=1gl=au. * Neuss, Geoffrey. Chemistry . London: Oxford, 2007. * Neuss, Geoffrey. Chemistry For the IB diploma. London: Oxford, 2007. Cited using http://citationmachine.net/index2.php

Non-GMO Plant Breeding Techniques :: Food Agriculture Science Papers

Non-GMO Plant Breeding Techniques Works Cited Missing Introduction In 1997 genetically modified foods were introduced to commercial agriculture in the form of herbicide resistant soybean seed (Farnham, Wang, and Wisner 2000). The seven years since have marked a major change in the way people worldwide look at food and its production. It has become an important issue for farmers, consumers, the government and world economies, as the safety and ethics of GMOs are debated. In response to the use of GMOs, and the overall distrust many consumers have toward them, there has been an explosion in the marketing of organic foods. All this talk about genetically modified foods and the increasing popularity of organic foods brings to the forefront an important question. How much do we know about the production of non-GMO/organic crops and can it be considered safer and more ethically sound in comparison to GMO plant production? Historical Plant Production Throughout history crop production has been an ongoing process of altering the genotype of plants to improve their yield. It has been traditional for farmers after every season to harvest seeds from the plants that appear phenotypically superior, saving them to be planted the following season. After thousands of years of doing this food crops today are a far cry from the wild lineages they were derived from (Chrispeels and Sadava pg331). While wild lineages have undergone centuries upon centuries of natural selection producing successive generations of offspring adapted to the environment, domesticated species have undergone the pressures of hand selection. This results in observable differences between domesticated plants and their wild relatives. Todayà °s crop plants have no natural seed dispersal mechanisms, nor seed dormancy periods to overcome seasonal weather conditions. Crop plants have been bred for similar growth habits so that at the time of harvest they are of uniform s hape and size (Kimball, 2000). This is the reason for example that we do not see shrubby corn or viney wheat varieties. Congruency of this type among crop species has made it easier for farmers to develop universal harvest mechanisms. Gigantism is the term given to the huge difference in the size of the fruiting bodies of crop plants versus wild relatives, which is due to the selection of the seed from parent plants that produce large fruits (Chrispeels and Sadava pg342). In the 1700à °s people began to cross plants with the intention of making crop plant varieties superior to those in existence, as opposed to the traditional and more passive method of hand picking seeds from superior plants.

Hocheng Philippines Corporation Essay

Hocheng Philippines Corporation has been well-known for their finest creations of bathroom fixtures and accessories. It has acquired latest high-tech machineries and equipped workforce to provide high-quality porcelain products which is considered to be their main priority. Most of their production relies on these machineries that might result to interruption if there will be some technical problems experienced. Back up plan should be established to at least avoid delay in production. Safety in workplace is essential and should not be neglected by the management. There is a Violation Receipt which is intended for strict compliance with the rules regarding proper attire for safety. Someone noticed to be in violation will be reprimanded. Though, while exploring all the sides of the plant, I saw employees not in their uniforms, only wearing shorts and are topless which maybe is permissible to the management since these specific employees are under casting process. On the other hand, I noticed that there are a lot of ceiling fans that help in fast drying of the clays molded/ceramics that make much of the dust spread in air around the place which requires wearing of masks whenever in the workplace, but none of them wears one. This could be a huge risk in their health. The company must provide a strong policy regarding the implementation of wearing mask every time they are exposed to dust, come up with an excellent way to oblige employees in obeying with the plant instructions for worker protection and inform them about the hazards. Furthermore, there is only a little supervision from the management to its employees in actual testing of the outputs. One of them disclosed that before packing, testing the ‘flush’ should be made, but this is sometimes made randomly, and not for the entire units. There should be someone responsible for ensuring that all products went under testing and that all the employees are doing their jobs, most especially for those employees sleeping during lunch breaks. Someone must be roaming around, to check if none of them does that during work hours. Good thing about the production process is that it is well automated which minimizes human intervention and speeds up the process. But its huge reliance to machines results to possible delay in production if even just one part of it fails to function properly. If the machine crashes or experiences some technical problems, the production will be in halt. Thus, back up equipment or plan should be prepared by the management in case this happens. Sanitation and freshness were well-emphasized by the company. Of course, those are essential and of a great deal to their consumers. As a matter of fact, it was shown in the video that the pans used in baking are regularly and intensively cleaned and how these are cleaned but none was indicated about cleaning the machines used. Dough is not only placed on the pans, these also touch other parts of equipment before reaching the packaging section. It is impossible that these machines will never be subject to dirt, even if it is in a closed area. Therefore, they should find a way to maintain these machines sanitized, cleaning them regularly as possible without affecting the time allotted for the production. Upon observing in a short span of time, though in a limited view, a huge bulk of dough came into my attention. It was at the floor. I have no idea regarding the plan for that filthy dough but most probably, it is not going near our mouth. Hence, it should be segregated to a separate container, clearly emphasizing that it is no longer to be used for production to ensure that confusion will be avoided and that there is no chance of accidentally including it to clean ones. Strength Hocheng Philippines Corporation has been well-known for their finest creations of bathroom fixtures and accessories. It has acquired latest high-tech machineries and equipped workforce to provide high-quality porcelain products which is considered to be their main priority. As what one of the employees said, â€Å"We do not let our product even with just a small slight crack reach our customers. † In fact, all processes have TQC (Total Quality Control). There is QA (Quality Assurance) every month, like an auditing to randomly check if quality requirements are met to have quality-products. It serves as systematic requirement, a comparison with a standard. In addition to this, every certain period, there is four-hour training for skills development of the current employees. Kanban System is implemented in the company. It is a scheduling system for lean and JIT (Just-in-time) production, which has been proven to be a great way for improvement in the entire production. And, there is automation in maintaining/monitoring inventory. To simplify and speed up in updating the inventory level, the company uses barcode. However, for those items that are broken or defective, updating in inventory system is done manually and it is handled by three people, eliminating the possibility of having false information regarding these outputs. HCG uses Proximity scan (through ID) in entering the plant. This improves efficiency and reduces the possibility of deception. Furthermore, check list of materials to be used for casting is prepared by an immediate supervisor and if the materials prepared are found out to be insufficient, the employees themselves will approach a person in charge to have material requisition. Also, there is move ticket to authorize every time there will be transferring of materials. Almost stages in the whole system require documentation. Even for those items that are to be disposed, are being accompanied by appropriate records which help in audit trail purposes.

Problems of farmers in present day of Life Essay

We think of farms as always being there. Food will always be grown. Our countryside will be full of cows and crops just like it always has been. The fact is that this may not be true. Farmers are faced with the growing costs to run their farms. These costs include taxes, insurance, and regular farm costs. When we visited a farm, the farmer said that this was one of his main concerns†¦. and not the weather conditions like we thought. Farmers are being offered big money to sell their farms. Companies that are building lots of houses and condominiums buy up farm land so that city people can move into the country. They break up the farm land into smaller pieces of land. In the picture on the right, you will see an example of how housing developments are gradually taking over valuable farm land. With more people traveling and moving into the country, more roads need to be built. Roads take up land, too. Many times the land is farmland. So, the farmer is offered lots of money to sell their land. The high taxes and farm costs make this look good to farmers. Another big threat is roads that go around cities. These are called loops or bypasses. These use up farm land, parks, and green spaces edging our cities. This has had a terrible track record over the past few years, although many mayors and members of Congress now want to build more. As a nation, we should stop giant highways and promote new transportation that helps the economy and the environment. We interviewed former Congressman and former head of the New Jersey Turnpike Authority Neil Gallagher who said, â€Å"New Jersey used to make awful smells that would spread across the area from a major pig farm in Secaucus. A plan then was made by Governor Al Driscoll to run a highway through New York State to the crossing of the Delaware River to take out the traffic on Highway Number 1. In order to build these roadways, all the roads had to connect and pass through Secaucus which had to be the hub of the highway. In order to do this, the government had to buy all the pig farms in Secaucus.† Mr. Gallagher remembers that several laws were passed: A new organization was formed called the New Jersey Turnpike Authority. Creation of an organization that would buy the farms at a fair price. Allowing the turnpike to sell bonds to raise money to buy the land and  build the road. The bonds would be paid for by the tolls that were collected on the turnpike. [Two thirds of the money came from out-of-state drivers.] The result of the New Jersey Turnpike Authority closing down the farms was that we lost the farm land, and the new use of that land resulted in the greatest economic boom that the state of New Jersey had ever seen. The road itself created all new jobs throughout the state and in Secaucus itself. Let’s use the New Jersey Meadowlands sports complex as an example. This land became some of the most valuable land in the metropolitan area when the Meadowlands [including Giant Stadium, the race track, and Continental Arena] was built where pig farms used to be. Mr. Gallagher feels that, â€Å"Sometimes the price of progress is finding a better use of land that benefits more people at the expense of a more rural and quiet way of life. The threat to farming had to be raised for the people of the state. This is one example, but a balance does have to be set from nature and a growing society.† Many people would agree with Mr. Gallagher’s statements and many others would not. No matter where you stand on the loss of valuable farmland to development, you need to always be concerned about the future of our farming communities.

Learning and Personal Development Plan Essay Example

Learning and Personal Development Plan Essay Example Learning and Personal Development Plan Essay Learning and Personal Development Plan Essay Assessment 1: Developing Yourself as an Effective HR/LD Practitioner Core Unit for CHRP and CLDP Learning outcomes: 1. Understand the knowledge, skills and behaviours required to be an effective HR or LD practitioner. 2. Know how to deliver timely and effective HR services to meet users’ needs. 3. Be able to reflect on own practice and development needs and maintain a plan for personal development. All activities below should be undertaken: Activity A – 600 Words Write a short report on: . the concept and importance of Continuous Professional Development (CPD), 2. the knowledge, skills and behaviour required to be effective in an HR or LD role as per the CIPD HR Map. In your report you should present the CIPDs HR Profession Map, discussing: 1. at least 3 professional areas, two of which must be Strategies, Insights and Solutions and Leading, and Managing the Human Resources function and 2. all eight behaviours. Activity B – 900 Words Write a report that: 1. Identifies at least 3 users of HR services within an organisation and for each user list at least 2 key needs and explain how conflicting needs can be prioritised effectively. 2. Identify at least 3 methods of communication appropriate to employees at different levels 3. Describes the key components of effective service delivery including: a. building and maintaining good relationships, b. handling and resolving complaints, c. dealing with difficult customers, d. timely service delivery, e. budget implications and f. continuous improvement Activity C – PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN (Final assessment) No Word Limit At the beginning of the course you are required to undertake a self-assessment of capabilities as an HR or LD practitioner against the CIPD Associate Membership requirements to: 1. Identify your professional development needs. 2. Evaluate at least 3 options to meet the development needs identified, 3. Produce a Personal Development Plan to meet set objectives, At the end of the course you will be required to: 1. Reflect on performance against the plan, 2. Identify learning points for the future and, 3. Revise the plan by reviewing what you have learnt from each unit against the plan and adjusting development needs accordingly. Please note: You will need to submit a draft of Activity C to be marked at the beginning of the course. The deadline for this is the same as the one set for Activity A and Activity B. Furthermore, at the end of the course you will receive a second deadline in order to submit your final version of Activity C. Please discuss this with your tutor if you have any questions.

Despite Is Not a Conjunction

Despite Is Not a Conjunction Despite Is Not a Conjunction Despite Is Not a Conjunction By Maeve Maddox The error of using despite to introduce a noun clause may be more common with ESL speakers, but plenty of examples can be discovered in the writing of native English speakers. Here are some examples of incorrect use: Many middle-class individuals find that they cannot obtain good medical attention, despite they  need it badly. Furthermore, this is the first evidence showing that ANP and VNP exert different effects in fish despite they share the same receptor, NPR-A. Our data show that OA is quite neglected by Italian allergists, despite they have a pivotal role both in early identification and in primary prevention of OA. Indian PM Modi will not address the General Assembly despite he will be in New York for the occasion. This is mainly due to the fact that intra-technique solutions are considered as independent despite they are derived from identical observation data. All this has led Houdini to become the most recognized name in magic despite he has been gone since 1926. In each of these examples, despite is being used as if it were a conjunction, to introduce a noun clause. The function word despite is a preposition. The preposition despite is followed by a noun or a noun phrase, never a clause. Here are examples of correct use: Despite his objections, Gov. LePage lets budget fix take effect without his signature Court Says Man Owes $30K Child Support  Despite Proof Hes Not The Father. An art exhibit was opened in Fukushima, Japan,  despite the fact that no one can see it without donning a hazmat suit. In each of these examples, despite governs a noun: objections, proof, fact. The erroneous examples given above may be corrected by following each use of despite with â€Å"the fact†: â€Å"despite the fact they  need it badly,† â€Å"despite the fact they share the same receptor,† etc. Another way to correct the incorrect sentences would be to use a true conjunction like although: â€Å"although they  need it badly,† â€Å"although they share the same receptor,† â€Å"although they have a pivotal role,† etc. Note: The word despite also functions as a noun and as a verb, but this post is about its prepositional use. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Greek Words You Should KnowProved vs. ProvenContinue and "Continue on"

Ford Motor Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ford Motor Company - Essay Example In the wake of industrialization a devastated event occurred in December 1984 that is consider the worst chemical incident due to the leakage of methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas in the plant of the Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) killing approximately 3,800 people (ICFTU, pp. 15- 25) in a sweep and several thousands injured with partial or permanent disabilities. The studies showed that the gas evolved in a cloud with the cold breeze and caught the local residents, suffocating them with coughs, choking, and irritation eventually resulting in massive death tolls. UCIL launched a thorough investigation with the consent of the local and federal government of India and another independent review by experts of Arther D. Little (ICFTU, pp. 15- 25) that both indicated the same conclusion. The evidence from the affected site showed the entrance of a massive amount of water in the tank containing the batch of methyl isocyanate that created an impulsive reaction with the heat and pressure, which eventually resulted in a lethal gas that invaded the whole plant and the residential areas. The independent review also indicated that the tragedy occurred due to the deliberate action of a skilled employee who introduced the water in the tank as the plant was certified with all the safety systems working at the time of accident that clearly draw the line towards the weakness in UCIL organizational hierarchy and strategically decisions (Browning, pp.1-15). UCIL has 50% stakes in the plant and the remaining by the Union Carbide Corporation.